On this topic, i will explain in details about 3 phase induction motor construction before we talked about parts of the electric motor generally but on this topic, we will go deep for 3 phase induction motor construction only. Let us discuss on basic information about this motor and its special controlling technique of svpwm. The effect of unbalanced voltages on polyphase induction motors is equivalent to the introduction. The stampings are lotted on its periphery to carry the winding called stator winding or main winding. The theory used in the work was collected by studying literature on how electrical motors work, and by simplifying the.
Working principle of three phase induction motor electrical. Explain the construction, working principle and types of three phase induction motor slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. Pdf construction of three phase linear induction motor. Supplying of both main and auxiliary windings enables the single phase machine to be driven as a two phase machine. They run at a constant speed from noload to the full load. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3 phase windings, which when connected to a 3 phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. This paper explores the construction process of a linear induction motor lim, the basic concepts behind key aspects of linear induction machines construction and the testing process of a working. Construction, working, torque speed characteristic and application.
Mar 07, 2018 explain the construction, working principle and types of three phase induction motor slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Its very simple and interesting, but its not all we will get more by knowing the types of a single phase induction motor, their usage, and importance. Single phase induction motor the engineering projects. The stationary part in single phase induction motors is stator and the rotating part is rotor. There are two types of 3phase induction motor based on the type of rotor used.
One single phase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. The most common type of ac motor being used throughout the work today is the induction motor. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial. Figure 3 5 shows a basic alternator with its single phase output voltage. The major difference between them is that transformer is static in nature i. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding. Before discussing the theory of operation for the induction motor a.
The working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the. If the speeds become equal, there would be no such relative speed, so no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would be flowing, and therefore no torque would be generated. Differentiate between the various types of generating electric power stations. A brushless dc motor known as bldc is a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor which is driven by direct current dc electricity and it accomplishes electronically controlled commutation system commutation is the process of producing rotational torque in the motor. Nov 27, 2019 thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. Today we are going to made available a powerpoint presentation file for all. Apr 07, 2020 ppt three phase induction motor electrical engineering ee notes edurev is made by best teachers of electrical engineering ee. Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. This document is highly rated by electrical engineering ee students and has been viewed 2456 times. An induction motor im is a type of asynchronous ac motor where power is supplied to. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor.
The rotor of three phase induction motor consists of a cylindrical laminated core with parallel slots that can carry conductors. Types, construction and working of 3 phase induction motor. Circle diagram of an induction motor its construction. Induction motors work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The construction of stator for both the kinds of three phase induction motor remains the same and is discussed in brief in next paragraph. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Electric motor electric motor construction of induction motors. The performance over a wide range of applications makes three phase induction motors accountable for 85 percent of the installed capacity of the industrial driving systems. However, the rotor never succeeds in catching up the synchronous speed. Induction motor working principle your electrical guide. The stator carries a 3phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding. Three phase induction motor construction your electrical guide. Working principle of an induction motor circuit globe.
An exploded view for parts of 3 phase induction ac motor. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. This makes possible the introduction of additional resistance in the rotor. Pdf construction and working of brushless dc motors. Oct 05, 2016 and in the last sections of this article, i will share some knowledge about the starting problem of a single phase induction motor and give a comparison of 3 phase and single phase induction motors. Safety information 1 description 2 transport, assembly, and connection 3 startup 4 operation 5 faults 6 maintenance 7 spare parts 8 notes 9 threephase induction motor. Only the stator winding is fed from the 3phase supply. The individual voltages, therefore, add to produce a single phase ac voltage. Although single phase induction motor is more simple in construction and is cheaper than a 3 phase induction motor of the same frame size, it is less efficient and it operates at lower power factor. We also discuss the construction of a three phase motor including its. The construction of the circle diagram is based on the approximate equivalent circuit shown below. Conversion of electrical power into mechanical power takes place in the rotating part of an electric motor. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Brushless dc motor bldc construction, working principle.
In this work a conventional three phase squirrelcage type induction motor with specifications 10 hp, 415v, stardelta connected and 4 poles is chosen for comparison with our motor, which is designed for good efficiency. This article explains the basic construction and working of single phase induction motor. Single phase induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household appliances like fans. Like any electric motor, a 3 phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor. They have very simple and rugged almost unbreakable construction. Lamination is necessary since a voltage is induced along the axial length of the steel as well as in the stator conductors. When three phase supply is given to the stator winding, a rotating magnetic field of constant magnetic field is produced. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. Working principle of 3phase induction motor electrical. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide.
Three phase induction motor construction and working principle. The electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon in which the electromotive force induces across the electrical conductor when it is placed in a. Sep 22, 2017 3 phase induction motor video covers construction of 3 phase induction motor stators rotors working principle of 3 phase induction motor single phase induction motor construction. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. A stator consists of steel frame that supports a hollow cylindrical core of. Designing of three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa.
The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that. Induction motor working principle when a three phase stator winding of an induction motor is connected to the ac supply, current starts flowing in the stator conductors. Slip rings are made of high quality phosphor bronze and are of molded construction. The conductors are heavy copper or aluminum bars fitted in each slot and shortcircuited by the end rings.
The 3 phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. A wound rotor or slip ring motor has a 3phase winding, similar to the stator winding. A single phase induction motor is inherently not selfstaring can be shown easily. Working principle of an induction motor the motor which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is known as the induction motor. Threephase induction motor operating instructions 1ph722. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u. Due to this current, a rotating magnetic field of constant amplitude and a constant speed is set up in the air gap between stator and rotor. The stator carries a 3 phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding only the stator winding is fed from the 3 phase supply.
Circle diagram of an induction motor the circle diagram of an induction motor is very useful to study its performance under all operating conditions. As previously, we have covered a lot of important topics. Therefore, these motors are frequently used in industry. Windingrotor arrangements for 3 phase induction machine three phase slip ring induction motor. A single phase motor is a rotating machine that has both main and auxiliary windings and a squirrelcage rotor. Single phase induction motor the single phase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. It is the diagrammatic representation of the performance of the induction motor. The single phase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. Applications of three phase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. Lets now take a look on construction of a single phase induction motor.
The single phase induction motor resembles, three phase, squirrelcage motor except that, single phase induction motor has no starting torque and some special arrangement have to be made to make it as self starting. In this case, power flows from the mechanical system, to the rotor circuit, then across the air gap to the stator circuit and external electrical system. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. In this chapter, we shall focus our attention on the construction. Electric motor construction of induction motors britannica. Working principle of 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor.
Aug 02, 2016 the working principle of three phase induction motor is basically based on the principle of mutual induction as in case of transformer. Introduction to three phase induction motor the engineering. Construction and working of 3 phase induction motor on ship. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Single phase induction motor split phase, capacitor and shaded pole etc single phase synchronous motor. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. The video highlights details regarding the construction of three phase induction motor. The speed regulation of the split phase motor is nearly same as that the three phase induction motor therefore it is called as constant speed motor. A 3 phase induction motor derives its name from the fact that the rotor current is induced by the magnetic feild, instead of electrical connections. Working principle of 3 phase induction motor eduction motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Thus the rotor rotates in the same direction as that of stator flux to minimize the relative velocity.
Induction motors are by ac switchboard and it is a. Normally, we use the motors in industrial drives because they are rugged, reliable and economical. A three phase induction motor runs on a three phase ac supply. This is the basic working principle of induction motor of either type, single phase of 3 phase. Working principle of single phase induction motor and its. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. A simple explanation of how a 3 phase induction motor works. Just like any other motor, a 3 phase induction motor also consists of a stator and a rotor. Construction of 3phase induction motor polytechnic hub. Principle of operation of single phase induction motor. Construction, working one of the advantages of the slipring motor is that resistance may be inserted in the rotor circuit to obtain high starting torque at low starting current and then cut out to obtain optimum running conditions. Learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction.
The rotor winding terminals are connected to three slip rings which turn with the rotor. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. Other motors that are included are 1 phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. Induction motor different types of duties in motor construction how induction motor as a rotating transformer how to run three phase motor on single phase power supply induction motor interview question slip ring induction motor srim vs squirrel cage induction motor scim synchronous watt types of encloser employed in induction motor types of insulation class. Ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering. The stator has laminated construction, made up of stampings. A 3phase induction motor is a machine which is constructed to work. The other parts, which are required to complete the induction motor, are. A 3 phase induction motor derives its name from the fact that the rotor current is induced by the magnetic field, instead of electrical connections the operating principle of a 3 phase induction motor is based on the production of r. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor.
The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Like any electric motor, a 3phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor. The stator frame consists of laminations of silicon steel, usually with a thickness of about 0. The video tutorial is essentially a part of the basic electrical and electronics engineering. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation. Phase wound induction motor slipring induction motor. Starting method for induction motors a 3 phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. The stator of both motors is same and the rotor is different.
Three phase induction motor construction and working. List and describe the more commonly used equipment in an electric substation. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. Download 3 phase induction motor powerpoint presentation. Jan 15, 2014 the video highlights details regarding the construction of three phase induction motor. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. Induction motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Induction motor is originated in the year 1891 with crude construction the.
Both types have similar constructed rotor, but they differ in construction of rotor. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3 ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. When a three phase supply is given to the three phase stator winding, a rotating magnetic field of constant magnitude is produced as discussed earlier. Three phase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical. Nov 27, 2019 the three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor.
188 152 141 1251 1193 46 1588 401 1341 1010 1355 98 209 1410 1593 64 457 468 656 196 277 328 1383 526 503 143 758 1483 378 921 46 66 890